Carte Sperelli, 1700-1710.

Catholic Church. Congregatio Negotiis et Consultationibus Episcoporum et Regularium Praeposita.

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This congregation is generally known simply as Bishops and Regulars. Its origin can be traced to the cardinalatial commission set up by Pius V (1566-1572) under the apostolic visitor, Bartolomeo di Porcia in 1570, to examine relations with the patriarch of Aquileia. The commission continued to function even after its initial task had been accomplished. Gregory XIII (1572-1585), recognizing the usefulness of these visits, used it for other purposes from 1573 to 1576, particularly for...

Sperelli, Sperello 1639-1710 card

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Catholic Church. Congregatio Concilii

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Shortly after the closing of the Council of Trent on December 4, 1563, Pius IV (1559-1565) appointed a commission of cardinals (Dec. 30, 1563) to ensure the application of the council's disciplinary decrees. With the motu proprio Alias Nos nonnullas (Aug. 2, 1564), he formally recognized this commission and established it as a permanent congregation called Congregatio super Executione et Observantia Sacri Concilii Tridentini et Aliarum Reformationum. From the beginning it was common...

Catholic Church. Congregatio Consistorialis

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This congregation derives its title from the Consistory, or College of Cardinals, since its chief duty has been to prepare matters, by examination and discussion, for the Consistory. Among the congregations founded by the constitution Immensa aeterni Dei (22 Jan 1588), Sixtus V gave third place to the Congregatio pro Erectione Ecclesiarum et Provisionibus Consistorialibus. The congregation was charged with preparing the acts regarding decisions for the formal approval of...

Catholic Church. Congregatio Particulari.

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Catholic Church. Congregatio Visitationis Apostolicae

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In order to understand the significance of this institution, it is necessary to recall the specific duty that every bishop had to visit his own diocese personally or to send a delegate. The visit was supposed to assure the bishop of the exact observance of ecclesiastical discipline (Council of Terragon, 1234). Nicholas V (1452) realizing that these visits were losing their character and usefulness, required periodic visitations to make them more effective. The need was also emphasiz...